Heat treatments
Annealing furnace:
1 - Stabilization/stress relief
2 - Normalization
Heat treatment possibilities:
Interior dimensions = L. 4565 x w. 2700 x h. 2000 mm (4.50 x 2.70 x 2 m) => high capacity 15 T.
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Annealing/stabilization furnace
Note on heat treatments
Two types of thermal treatment need to be considered in mechanically-welded or sheet metal construction:
• Stress relief or relaxation heat treatment.
• Normalization treatment.
Stress relief treatment:
The purpose of stress relief treatment is to reduce the “stress” in weld-assembled metal structures to an acceptable level.
This treatment may be mandatory for pressurized containers subject to “Mines” (French Department of Transport) regulations, or for mechanically-welded parts that must be dimensionally stable more particularly for subsequent machining.
This “annealing” temperature must be high enough to relieve the “stress” through “creep”.
This temperature may vary according to the type of metal.
The temperature cycle of the treatment includes:
1. The rise in temperature, the speed (in degrees per hour) of which factors in different thicknesses and the complexity of the parts.
2. The temperature plateau or “soaking”, which is determined by the greatest thickness.
3. Cooling, the speed and furnace-unloading temperature of which are determined by the various thicknesses and the complexity of the parts.
Normalizing treatment:
This heat treatment primarily aims to restore the mechanical properties of a part whose recovery required heating to a temperature of 1000º to 1100ºC. This is true of parts heated for bending purposes (manufacture of cylindrical parts) or for hot pressing. This high-temperature heating seriously deteriorates the metal’s mechanical properties, a deterioration caused by the grain swelling and the metallic structure being modified, the worst effect of which is a weakening of the metal (impaired impact strength). To restore the metal’s mechanical properties, it must undergo a “normalizing heat treatment”, which consists in heating it to a temperature such that the metal is completely returned to a “solution” (A3 transformation temperature) then “air-quenched”, which refines the “grain” and restores the metal’s mechanical properties.
Normalizing temperature varies according to the type of steel.
The temperature cycle includes:
1. The rise in temperature.
2. Soaking.
3. Furnace-unloading at soaking temperature.
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